Commercial Real Estate

Although roughly half the size of the residential housing market, the commercial real estate market is still twice the size of the total U.S. stock market, so its problems are too large to ignore. They include:

Lower Prices. The commercial real estate market didn’t top until late 2007, about a year and a half AFTER the top in residential real estate prices. But, since the top, prices are now down close to the same percentage, as the chart shows. During May and June commercial real estate prices have fallen 16%!

Financing Trouble. Almost 40% of the financing for retail, industrial and office space flowed through the securitization market. The securitization market has largely been shut down, effectively turning off liquidity for purchases and refinancing. As a result, in the first quarter of 2009 the delinquency rate on commercial properties rose 43%, and sales volume in the US fell 83% year-over-year in the second quarter of 2009.

Rising Supply. General Growth Properties, the second-largest shopping mall owner in the country, became the first large-scale bankruptcy in April. Vacancy rates are at a 20-year high, which is putting additional downward pressure on prices and rents.

Many loans that lenders hold on commercial property are classified as “whole loans,” so it behooves the banks to keep them out of foreclosure. A “whole loan” is carried on the banks’ books at par until it actually enters the foreclosure process. But, because the prices of properties have fallen so far, the underlying collateral is now likely to be less than the banks’ exposure should the loans sour. As a result, banks are attempting to delay foreclosures by modifying commercial real estate loans through interest rate reductions. Unlike the residential market, commercial properties have multiple tenants, so there’s at least some cash flow coming in. This cash flow is one reason banks are willing to modify troubled commercial loans. This stalling suggests that there are significant unrecognized commercial real estate losses currently hidden on banks’ balance sheets.